Tobacco Hand Features
Hand: The places where it occurs on a tobacco plant are the same, and the set of leaves that reach maturity and bear the same characteristics is called hand.
1- BOTTOM HANDS: The place where it forms on the plant is the closest part to the soil. Due to its proximity to the soil, there are soil particles on these leaves due to irrigation, hoeing and other works. On the bottom hands:
Size: Smaller than the main hand, larger than the tip, bottom hand.
Form: Far from showing the characteristic form of origin. Leaf tip is blunt in deep hands. On the other hand, the petiole (according to its characteristic feature) is elongated. Stem tobaccos, on the other hand, have more widening in the stem.
Texture: Weak, tissue structure is sparse and fragile. Mineral substances are in excess. The top of the leaf is rough.
Vascular structure: It is thick, the number of secondary veins is few and the secondary veins are open. The angle between the main vein of the secondary veins (compared to the middle and main hands) is greater.
Color: It has a light and greenish nuance according to its origin. It is very dull.
Burning: Fast but not smooth. Fire retention is low. Since there are more minerals, it burns with a crunch.
Drink: It is not filling, it is scratchy and burning. Since nicotine formation in the leaf is very low, it does not satisfy the consumer. The smoker smokes smoke.
Ash color: It is light and has a high ash content. Nicotine rates are the least compared to other hands.
Annealing: It is very easy to temper and give. Its hygroscopicity is low. It has no commercial value. It should be scraped off the plant and removed from the field.
2- BOTTOM HANDS: It is between the bottom and the 1st side, formed after the bottom hands.
Size: It is slightly larger than the bottom hands and smaller than the main hands. The nib is larger than the lower nib hands.
Form: Bottom hands gi
It does not fully show the characteristic feature of a origin. The tip of the leaf is slightly pointed compared to the roots. According to its characteristic, the handle is long.
Texture: Partly strengthened, but again the leaf surface is rough. It is weak, has little flexibility.
Vascular structure: Although the number of obvious, secondary veins is partially increased compared to the bottom hands, it still presents a sparse appearance. The angle that the lateral veins make with the main vein is wider than the bottom hands.
Color: Light, but the foliage seen on the bottom hands is partially reduced. Color is matte.
Burning: Fast but not smooth. Crunchy burning is partially reduced compared to the bottom hands.
Ash: The color is lighter than the amount of ash.
İçim: It is compelling but not satisfying. If there is an odor of tobacco, this smell starts to be felt in these hands.
Annealing: They anneal and leave very easily. Cultivators start equating or boxing with these tobaccos first. They have commercial value. The creasing of the abdominal hands is done at pre-maturity. Nicotine rates are low, it is not satisfactory.
3- 1. MAIN HANDS: It is called the hand between the bottom and second hands.
Size: In push-type tobacco, the first ones are the largest sized hands. In other tobacco, it is larger than the bottom hands, end hands and 3rd mothers, and smaller than the 2nd mothers in terms of size.
Form: The tip of the leaf is sharp and very close to the characteristic form of the origin.
Texture: Tissue structure is tight and the leaf surface is smooth. The leaf tip has a half-moon-shaped bottom, a rough structure that looks like the bottom of the hands. The tissue around the middle vein of the leaf blade is thin and very smooth. Leaf tip is partially pointed.
Vascular structure: The number of veins has increased and the angle made by the secondary vein and the main vein (bottom relative to the bottom) has widened. The vascular structure is obvious.
Color: Light, but the green hue has disappeared completely.
Crimea: It is done in full or technical maturity. The accumulation of matter has increased in these hands.
Odor: Can be felt.
Burning: Smoothed out. Is good.
Handle: It has its characteristic feature.
Drink: Hearty, very close to the characteristic smoking quality.
Ash color: Light.
Annealing: They give and take quickly. Hygroscopicity is higher than the bottom hands.
4- 2. MAIN HANDS: It is called the leaves between the 1st and 3rd place.
Size: It is the largest sized hands, excluding the push tobacco.
Form: It completely bears the most characteristic form of tobacco. The size and form of a tobacco are determined from the second mothers.
Handle: It has a characteristic feature.
Vein structure: The angle of thick, secondary veins with the main vein is the widest. The number of secondary veins is the most in the hands.
Texture: Firm and thick. It has the thickest texture in the hands. There is a lot of substance accumulation.
Color: Darkened, very close to the characteristic of the origin.
Fragrance: Fully felt.
Burning: Less than the lower hands, but smooth.
Drink: It is satisfying.
Ash: Slightly darker than lower hands.
Annealing: They take it hard, they leave it late. They keep their temper. Their hygroscopicity is higher than the lower hands.
Crimea: It is made at full maturity.
5- 3. MAIN HANDS: It is the cluster of leaves formed after the 2nd hosts.
Size: It is smaller than other majors. Bottom, bottom, tip and bottom tip are larger than hands.
Form: Leaf tip is clearly pointed.
Handle: It is normal as in the 2nd. It has a characteristic handle shape.
Texture: It is dense and thin, with high flexibility and strength.
Vascular structure: It is thin. The angle has narrowed considerably. 3. Covering and glandular hairs are very much in the main hands.
Color: It is uniform and very bright. The third hand gives the characteristic color feature of the origin. There will be darkening in the form of oil spots in large circles.
Drink: It is smooth, satisfying and collected.
Smell: If the tobacco smells, the odor is strongly felt.
Burning: Slow but smooth compared to the lower hands.
Ash: It is darker than the lower hands.
Annealing: It is slow to get and give temper. It has a high water retention rate.
Crimea: It is suitable to be made in full maturity. 3. Includes all characteristics of origin except for leaf tip sharpening and size in main hands.
6- BUCKING HANDS: It is formed or not formed according to the climatic conditions of the product year and other technical conditions in the oriental type tobacco, which is more common in irrigable and crushed tobacco. In some product years, they are similar in feature to the nib or the characteristics of the 3rd main hands.
Size: smaller than 3rd main hands. In general, the chase hands approach the main hands.
Form: The middle part of the leaf blade has started to narrow. There will be a deviation from the characteristic structure of the form.
Handle: The stalk is shortened. If the tobacco is old, age is widened.
Texture: Dense and thin. The angle made by the lateral veins with the main vein is narrowed.
Color: It takes a darker color than the characteristic color of the origin. Compared to the 3rd major, the brightness of the color is partially reduced.
Smell: Makes you feel extremely. As in the 3rd mothers, the number of cover and glandular hairs is high.
Combustion: A little lower than the 3rd main but smooth.
Crimea: It is made at full maturity. If grown under normal conditions, it is in the quality of the 3rd main hands.
Annealing: Annealing and tempering are slow. It has high water retention ability.
Vascular structure: Since the veins are thin but the size decreases, the veins seem to be frequent.
Drink: It is smooth, satisfying and collected.
Ash: It is darker than the lower hands.
7- UÇALTI HANDS: It is the cluster of leaves formed after the mothers.
Size: It is the smallest sized hands after the ends.
Form: Shrinkage is very high in the leaf blade. Leaf tip is very sharp. If old age has widened.
Handle: Shortened.
Texture: They are thin, dense, delicate, flexible and strong leaves. Covering hairs are many.
Vascular structure: It is thin and its vein angles are narrowed.
Color: It is darker than its characteristic as in the chase. The brightness is partially decreased compared to the 3rd channels.
Odor: Strong sensation. There is a lot of substance accumulation.
Burn: Low in comparison to lower hands, but smooth.
Annealing: It is slow and has high water retention and release capability.
Crimea: It generally coincides with the second half of August and the first week of September. Heat average is low. The soil is annealed. The ripening of the leaves will be prolonged. Crimea is done later than other hands.
8- END HANDS: They form under the flower plate.
Size: They are the smallest leaves.
Form: Leaf blade narrowed, tip sharpened. The characteristic form has deviated.
Stem: Very shortened, if the old one is too enlarged.
Texture: It has a fine and dense texture.
Vascular structure: It is very thin. As the size decreases, the vein appears very often. It has the smallest vein angles. There are too many covering and glandular hairs.
Odor: If the leaf is ripe, it can be felt strongly.
Color: Very dark. There are oil stains.
Combustion: Low but smooth.
Drink: It is satisfying.
Annealing: Slow, high water holding ability.
Hand Ratios in a Tobacco Plant
The weight ratio of 7 hands in a tobacco plant to the overall yield of the plant varies. Literature sources on this subject, together with various figures generally,
In varieties without crushing:
Hands% Average Rate
Tip 5
Tip six 10
3.main 18
2nd main 32
1.main 20
Bottom 10
Bottom 5
In varieties with broken crests:
Hands% Average Rate
3.main 25
2nd main 40
1.main 20
Bottom 10
Bottom 5
acceptable.
