Field Preparation and Planting (Farmer Letter)
Dear Tobacco Planters
The tobacco field is very service, the tobacco crop needs a lot of attention. It is the time to start the spring preparation of the fields plowed from the winter. We look forward to the order in which the soil comes to the pan to drive the plow into the field. When the weather gets warmer and the days sunbathe, the faces of the fields begin to dry, swell like earthen semolina halva, and spider webs with shining dew drops like pearls on the face of the dung in the morning begin to appear. All these symptoms indicate that the field is pan. It is necessary to be very careful that the soil is seen in its full temper. Soil that is not plowed gets sick. It turns into adobe. The pan will never come again. Whatever you sew will not yield a good crop. Spring plowing should be started from light soils by straining. Heavy soils come late. Spring spreads should not be made deep, the clods should not be turned upside down too much. Otherwise, the crop will suffer more from drought in summer, as rain and snow water accumulated in the soil in winter will be lost. It is generally sufficient to plow the tobacco fields twice in the spring. After the second plowing, the field is prepared for planting by raking and pulling the bolt. In addition, farm manure can be given in autumn versions. It should be mixed by giving compound fertilizers (15-15-15, 10-20-20 etc.) 2-3 weeks before planting in spring versions. Fertilization is the most accurate method according to soil analysis. But it is not common in practical application. An average of 15-20 kg / decare is used from these fertilizers.
Planting is started when the tobacco seedlings are well grown and fully grown and the weather gets warmer as required. There are many points to be considered in planting. The most suitable planting time should be chosen according to the long years of experience of each location and the course of the year. Seedlings that are planted too early than necessary wait in the field because the soil and air temperature is not sufficient. Therefore, planting should neither be too early nor late. It should be done just in time. This season is April-May for the Aegean region, May and partially June for the Marmara and Black Sea regions, and June for the Southeast-East region. Since tobacco seedlings are planted in the field in straight rows, furrows are opened with a hoe before planting. The depth of the furrow varies depending on the rainy or dry season of the season and the proximity of the groundwater of the soil. In any case, the depth of the furrow must be opened at a depth where the seedlings can be planted annealed. Planting is done according to the local requirements of every place. Planting started on April 1-15 for the villages on the Muğla border of Kale District in Denizli, is almost completed between April 15 and May 20 throughout the province. In villages with high altitude, it may be delayed to June. The aim here is to be able to make plantings without losing the soil temper.
The best planting style is to plant the seedlings in the furrow with pointed pressure and to give life water after planting. Tobacco seedlings are planted in the field between rows and on rows at regular intervals. Although these intervals vary according to the types of tobacco grown and the rainy or dry period of the year, the row spacing is usually 40 cm and 10 -15 cm above the rows in small-sized pressed tobacco. The row spacing is 40 cm for small-sized heads, 15-20 cm above the rows, and 50 cm for large-sized mumps and for those with a head tied, and 20-25 cm above the rows. changes as. According to these calculations, the amount of seedlings planted per decare varies between 16 - 25 thousand in tobacco planting machines (İzmir, G.hacıköy), 12-16 thousand in small-sized tobacco, and 8-10 thousand in large-sized mumps and head attached.
After the tobacco seedlings are planted in the field, they are found unconscious and weak in the first days, especially during the hot times of the day. It is the famous proverb. The farmer, who went to the field after planting, either sold the field or divorced his wife. Therefore, one should go to the field in the morning until the sun rises two spears high. Meanwhile, the holding seedlings stand upright. Surprised seedlings lie unconscious, pale. Within a week and ten days after planting, a new one should be planted in place of the transplanted seedlings, and after this period, the vaccination should be stopped. Otherwise, since the seedlings in the field do not grow in the same size, the hands will get mixed up in the crimea. The crop is mixed. The buyer can break the price.
Planted tobaccos want to hoe at least two or three times. The first hoe should be done 15 days after planting and the second hoe 15-20 days after the first hoe, and the field can be hoeed for a third time if necessary in dry years or after heavy rains. The benefit of making anchor is enormous. The weeds in the field are destroyed, the soil is puffed up, it is aired, and the evaporation of soil water is prevented. This is why our ancestors said that two anchors replace one water. Tobacco is a hoe plant. It should be fought with weeds and hoeing. Hoeing is done with a line drawing apparatus attached to the back of the tractor.
Large-leaved and hard-smoked tobaccos are subjected to irrigation, and the top of these tobaccos is also broken. Tobacco fields are irrigated by releasing water between tobacco rows. Hoeing the field after irrigation is a very appropriate measure. Crushing is applied in large leaf and hard smoking tobacco. The best time to break a hill is when the flowers begin to open. The deeper the top of the tobacco seedlings is broken, the larger and thicker the leaves remaining on the tobacco plant. It hardens inside me. Trabzon tobacco can be given as an example.
Let your tobacco be fertile and your tobacco dry in summer ...